Let us start with a webpage.
What is a web page ?
Web pages are very different from, say, a Word document. In a word processor document all aspects of the page are incorporated into the one file ... the graphics, font styles and sizes and other formatting. A web page is basically plain (ASCII) text with 'tags' (as ASCII text) incorporated. The graphics are all separate files. Your web browser reads the ASCII text with the tags and graphic files and displays the complete formatted page. Because web pages are only ASCII text they can be prepared in any text editor. However,there are advantages to preparing a web page using a special web page or HTML editor, as will become obvious as we progress through the course.
What is HTML?
HTML is code written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like
<html>), within the web page content. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some tags, known as empty elements, are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags). In between these tags web designers can add text, tags, comments and other types of text-based content.So, what is a Tag ?
Tags are 'codes' included in the web page file that tell the Browser what type of formatting to apply to any text placed in between pairs of Tags. For example, if you want a word to be displayed in bold you use a tag to turn on the bold formatting function of a Browser - and the tag is
<a>
Any text that appears after that tag will be displayed in bold.To revert to normal text you have to turn off the bold function, thus
</a>
The complete code then would be
<a>text</a> and this would be displayed ... text
Note that tags are not case sensitive and that nearly all tags are in pairs.
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